How long you have worked, when probation ends, and what is left on your contract.
In Saudi employment, almost every entitlement is a function of how long you have been with the same employer. Two dates on a contract quietly set the value of your leave and your end-of-service benefit for years afterwards.
Probation is commonly ninety days and must be stated in the contract. It can be extended by written agreement, but the total is capped at one hundred and eighty days. Probation still counts as part of your continuous service, so it feeds into your gratuity later.
At five years your annual leave rises from at least twenty-one days to at least thirty. Five years is also a threshold in the resignation scale: below it you keep a third of the gratuity, above it two thirds. Reaching the date matters more than most people realise.
At ten years a resigning employee keeps the full award — the same as if the employer had ended the contract. Someone at nine years and ten months who resigns gives up a third of their gratuity for the sake of two months.